
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Known Symptoms
- Heartburn and regurgitation, often after meals or lying down.
- Sour taste in mouth, sometimes causing nausea or bloating.
- Chronic cough, hoarseness, or difficulty swallowing (dysphagia).
- Chest discomfort mimicking cardiac pain in some patients.
Known Causes
- Transient relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter muscles.
- Hiatal hernia, obesity, or pregnancy increasing abdominal pressure.
- Certain foods like spicy/fatty meals and caffeine can contribute.
- Medications affecting esophageal sphincter tone or gastric emptying.
Care
- Lifestyle modifications: weight loss, head-of-bed elevation, avoiding late meals.
- Stop smoking and reduce alcohol intake to prevent reflux.
- Medical therapy includes antacids, H2 blockers, or proton pump inhibitors.
- Surgery (fundoplication) in severe or refractory cases.
- Heartburn and regurgitation, often after meals or lying down.
- Sour taste in mouth, sometimes causing nausea or bloating.
- Chronic cough, hoarseness, or difficulty swallowing (dysphagia).
- Chest discomfort mimicking cardiac pain in some patients.
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