Common Hormonal Disorders (Endocrinopathies)

Known Symptoms

Unexplained weight loss or gain
Fatigue and weakness
Changes in heart rate
Mood swings, anxiety, or depression
Changes in thirst or urination (e.g., frequent urination in diabetes)
Heat or cold intolerance
Changes in hair growth or skin texture
Irregular menstrual cycles

Known Causes

Autoimmune diseases: Where the body attacks its own glands (e.g., Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, Type 1 diabetes).
Tumours: Both benign and malignant, on endocrine glands.
Genetic factors: Family history of hormonal disorders.
Lifestyle factors:
- Such as obesity, which is a major risk factor for Type 2 diabetes and PCOS.
- Infections or injuries to an endocrine gland.

Care

Care recommendations: Medication adherence, regular monitoring through blood tests, and consistent follow-up with an endocrinologist.
Prevention: While not all hormonal disorders are preventable, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, managing stress, and avoiding smoking can reduce the risk of developing some, like Type 2 diabetes. Early detection through screening is key to effective management.

Known Symptoms

Unexplained weight loss or gain
Fatigue and weakness
Changes in heart rate
Mood swings, anxiety, or depression
Changes in thirst or urination (e.g., frequent urination in diabetes)
Heat or cold intolerance
Changes in hair growth or skin texture
Irregular menstrual cycles

Known Causes

Care

Care recommendations: Medication adherence, regular monitoring through blood tests, and consistent follow-up with an endocrinologist.
Prevention: While not all hormonal disorders are preventable, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, managing stress, and avoiding smoking can reduce the risk of developing some, like Type 2 diabetes. Early detection through screening is key to effective management.

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Endocrinology

Endocrinology

Our Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism offers specialist, long-term care for hormone and metabolic disorders such as diabetes, thyroid disease, pituitary, adrenal and bone-health conditions. Our endocrinologists work with surgery, oncology, ophthalmology, obstetrics and transplant teams to deliver personalised diagnostic pathways (blood tests, imaging, bone density and thyroid biopsy) and tailored medical, procedural and surgical plans. Services include diabetes and lipid management, obesity and metabolic-syndrome care (with bariatric pathways), pediatric growth and puberty clinics, reproductive endocrinology and gender-affirming hormone support.

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