
Fatty Liver (Hepatic Steatosis)
Known Symptoms
- Common symptoms: Often asymptomatic; nonspecific symptoms may include fatigue, right upper quadrant discomfort.
- Signs: Hepatomegaly (may be palpable).
- Red-flag symptoms: Jaundice, ascites, or signs of chronic liver disease (e.g., spider angiomas, palmar erythema) suggest advanced disease or cirrhosis.
Known Causes
- Progression to steatohepatitis (NASH/ASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis.
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
- Liver failure.
- Cardiovascular disease (leading cause of mortality in NAFLD).
Care
- Prevention:
- Healthy lifestyle: balanced diet, regular exercise, moderation/abstinence from alcohol.
- Early intervention in metabolic syndrome.
- Follow-up:
- Monitor liver enzymes and metabolic parameters annually.
- Regular fibrosis assessment (e.g., biennial elastography in high-risk cases).
- Surveillance for HCC in cirrhotic patients (ultrasound ± AFP every 6 months).
- Common symptoms: Often asymptomatic; nonspecific symptoms may include fatigue, right upper quadrant discomfort.
- Signs: Hepatomegaly (may be palpable).
- Red-flag symptoms: Jaundice, ascites, or signs of chronic liver disease (e.g., spider angiomas, palmar erythema) suggest advanced disease or cirrhosis.
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